Not established in the wild. (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).);
Minimal. Vining, smothering plant. (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown); Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).); Massive. Vining, smothering plant. (Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).. Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).).
Minor. "Local people in Madagascar are extremely wary of 'lombiry' (C. grandiflora) and warn against handling it, supported by reports concerning the latex and dried plant trimmings as irritants of the eyes, nose and throat" (CABI). (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown); Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).); Moderate. "Local people in Madagascar are extremely wary of 'lombiry' (C. grandiflora) and warn against handling it, supported by reports concerning the latex and dried plant trimmings as irritants of the eyes, nose and throat" (CABI). (Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).. Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).).
Minimal. (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown); Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).); Major. Weed of pasture areas- can smother and out-compete both wild and pasture grasses, dense infestations reducing livestock carrying capacity by up to 100% (CABI). (Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).. Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).).
In nurseries in southern Spain (Vila pers. comm.). (Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).);
Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).;