Established. A plant introduced in the 16-1700s into the West Indies, from Africa. The plant was abundant on the islands as early as 1650. (Walker, M.M., Hodge, O., Homer, F. & Johnson, W. (2005) A Guide to Common Plants of Anguilla. The Anguilla National Trust. The Anguilla National Trust.); Escaped - Not native, introduced deliberately to Anguilla, and has definitely naturalised. (Hochart, J., Buckmire, Z. & Tye, A. (2024 and continuously updated). Database of the Flora of Anguilla. Anguilla Department of Natural Resources and Anguilla National Trust, The Valley.);
It is a shrub or coarse herb growing to 5m (16 ft) tall. Castor oil is extracted from the seeds. (Walker, M.M., Hodge, O., Homer, F. & Johnson, W. (2005) A Guide to Common Plants of Anguilla. The Anguilla National Trust. The Anguilla National Trust, Page number 70)
Connor, R.A., Hodge, K.V.D., Samuel, C.A., Wong, L.J. & Pagad, S. (2022) Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species - Anguilla. Version 1.6. Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG). Checklist dataset. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15468/okwfc4 accessed via GBIF.org on 2022-07-25 (to find the intial list of species); Walker, M.M., Hodge, O., Homer, F. & Johnson, W. (2005) A Guide to Common Plants of Anguilla. The Anguilla National Trust. The Anguilla National Trust, Page number 70 (Common name, Establishment status, Other information); Hochart, J., Buckmire, Z. & Tye, A. (2024 and continuously updated). Database of the Flora of Anguilla. Anguilla Department of Natural Resources and Anguilla National Trust, The Valley. (First record);