Populations in Ocean Harbour and Grytviken and new records were found at Stromness Bay. (Floyd, K. (2013) Weeds on South Georgia. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.); New clumps and seedlings found at both old and several new locations at Grytviken, Husvik, Stromness and Leith. (Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2015) Alien plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2014-2015. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.); Widespread naturalised. Control effective on known plants however new plants continue to be discovered. A single mature plant was found on the river flats at Hound Bay, the first record of this species at this site. (Floyd, K. (2018) Non-native plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2017/18. Indigena Biosecurity International, Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands);
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Terrestrial
James, R., Floyd, K., Pagad, S. & Wong, L.J. (2020) Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. Version 1.4. Invasive Species Specialist Group ISSG. Checklist dataset; Greene, S.W. & Walton, D.W.H. (1975). An annotated checklist of the sub-Antarctic and Antarctic vascular flora, Polar Record, 17(110), pp. 473, 484.; Floyd, K. (2013) Weeds on South Georgia. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.; Government of South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands (2016) South Georgia Non-Native Plant Management Strategy 2016-2020. Government House, Stanley, Falkland Islands.;Government of South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands (2016) South Georgia Non-Native Plant Management Strategy 2016-2020. Government House, Stanley, Falkland Islands.; Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2015) Alien plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2014-2015. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.; Floyd, K. (2018) Non-native plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2017/18. Indigena Biosecurity International, Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands;