Found at Grytviken. (Floyd, K. (2013) Weeds on South Georgia. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.); Restricted naturalised. A very small patch of non-flowering plants (0.01 m2) were found at the known site of this plant (to the east of the Grytviken church) and treated. (Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2015) Alien plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2014-2015. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.); No plants found at the Grytviken or Husvik sites this season. (Floyd, K. (2018) Non-native plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2017/18. Indigena Biosecurity International, Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands);
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- 14.2. Artificial - Terrestrial – Pastureland
- 15.9. Artificial - Aquatic – Canals and Drainage Channels, Ditches
- 5.1. Wetlands (inland) – Permanent rivers/streams/creeks (includes waterfalls)
- 5.11. Wetlands (inland) – Alpine wetlands (inc. temporary waters from snowmelt)
- 5.5. Wetlands (inland) – Permanent freshwater lakes (over 8 ha)
Terrestrial
Spread is vegetative as the species is not known to flower or set seed at South Georgia. (Floyd, K. (2018) Non-native plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2017/18. Indigena Biosecurity International, Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands);
James, R., Floyd, K., Pagad, S. & Wong, L.J. (2020) Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. Version 1.4. Invasive Species Specialist Group ISSG. Checklist dataset; Greene, S.W. & Walton, D.W.H. (1975). An annotated checklist of the sub-Antarctic and Antarctic vascular flora, Polar Record, 17(110), pp. 473, 484.; Floyd, K. (2013) Weeds on South Georgia. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.; Government of South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands (2016) South Georgia Non-Native Plant Management Strategy 2016-2020. Government House, Stanley, Falkland Islands.; Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2015) Alien plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2014-2015. Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.; Floyd, K. (2018) Non-native plants on South Georgia: Season Report 2017/18. Indigena Biosecurity International, Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands;