Not established in the wild. (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).);
Minimal. Smothering vine, fire promoting. (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown); Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).); Massive. Smothering vine, fire promoting. (Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).. Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).).
Minimal. No evidence. (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown); Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).. Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).).
Minimal. (Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown); Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).); Major. Forestry weed- a serious weed of pine plantations in the SE United States, negatively impacts tourism by reducing access to forests for recreation and leisure (EPPO datasheet). (Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).. Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).).
Horizon scanning consensus for Gibraltar (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.1 (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.3 (Unknown).; Horizon scanning draft for Gibraltar version 0.4 (Unknown).;