Spreading and producing extensive cover in various places around the Rock, in particular around Europa Point and Hole in the Wall. (Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).); A few stands exist within Upper Rock. It is especially abundant on the cliffs of the western edge of the Nature Reserve. (Perez, C.E. & Bensusan, K. (2005) The Upper Rock Nature Reserve, A Management and Action Plan. The Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. Gibraltar); Very Common. (Gibraltar flora database (Unknown));
- 3.5. Shrubland – Subtropical/tropical dry
Invasive (Pagad S, Wong L J (2020): Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species of Gibraltar; Perez, C.E. & Bensusan, K. (2005) The Upper Rock Nature Reserve, A Management and Action Plan. The Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. Gibraltar; European Commission (2005) Especies vegetales invasoras en Andulasia. La Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía; Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).; Gibraltar flora database (Unknown));
Can form extensive stands that dominate over local flora. There is also a very real possibility that this species may spread into other areas in the lower reaches of the Nature Reserve, as it already seems to be doing at some sites. (Perez, C.E. & Bensusan, K. (2005) The Upper Rock Nature Reserve, A Management and Action Plan. The Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. Gibraltar);
Terrestrial. Introduced from Tropical America. (Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).);
Pagad S., Wong L.J. (2020): Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species – Gibraltar. v1.1. Invasive Species Specialist Group ISSG; Gibraltar Nature Reserve Management Plan (2019). Department of the Environment, Heritage and Climate Change. H.M. Government of Gibraltar; Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).; Perez, C.E. & Bensusan, K. (2005) The Upper Rock Nature Reserve, A Management and Action Plan. The Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. Gibraltar; Gibraltar flora database (Unknown); European Commission (2005) Especies vegetales invasoras en Andulasia. La Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía; Perez, C.E. & Bensusan, K. (2005) The Upper Rock Nature Reserve, A Management and Action Plan. The Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. Gibraltar (synonym used Opuntia vulgaris);