Forms extensive cover along Engineer Road, Devil's Gap, and the Willis's Road area. (Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).); Common. (Gibraltar flora database (Unknown));
Invasive (Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).; European Commission (2005) Especies vegetales invasoras en Andulasia. La Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía);
Terrestrial. Introduced from South America. (Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).);
Pagad S., Wong L.J. (2020): Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species – Gibraltar. v1.1. Invasive Species Specialist Group ISSG; Species that have been introduced into Gibraltar. (Unknown).; Perez, C.E. & Bensusan, K. (2005) The Upper Rock Nature Reserve, A Management and Action Plan. The Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. Gibraltar; Gibraltar flora database (Unknown); European Commission (2005) Especies vegetales invasoras en Andulasia. La Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía;