widespread [1]. Locally abundant, but only found at a few places [2].
near sea level to 100m on Settlement Plain pastures, gardens and roadsides [1]. Tristan: Found in pastures, between the Patches and Burntwood [2]. Inaccessible: In disturbed areas along the path from the huts to the Ponds (Roux et al 1992) [3].
Weed [1]
First collected on Inaccessible by Stableford in 1953/54 (Groves 1981) [3].
[1] Ryan, P. (ed.) (2007). Field Guide to the Animals and Plants of Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island. Pisces Publications, Newbury. 162 pp; [2] Gremmen, N.J.M. and R.L. Halbertsma (2009). Alien plants and their impact on Tristan da Cunha. Report Data-Analyse Ecology, Diever, NL.; [3] Gremmen, N. J. M. (2010). Alien vascular plants of Inaccessible, Nightingale and Gough Islands (Tristan da Cunha Group).; [4] Groves, E.W. (1981). Vascular plant collections from the Tristan da Cunha group of islands. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 8 (4), 333-420).; [5] Roux, J.P., Ryan, P.G., Milton, S.J. and Moloney, C.L. (1992) Vegetation and checklist of Inaccessible Island, central South Atlantic Ocean, with notes on Nightingale Island. Bothalia 22 (1): 93 – 109.